List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Geometric Morphology of Islamic Mosques Courtyards in Iran (Comparative Examples: 9 Mosques from Timurid, Safavid and Qajar Periods)
Nazanin Nastaranpour Mohsen TabasiPlaces of worship, especially mosques, are considered one of the richest platforms for the evolution and exaltation of the human spirit and possess great significance. The geometry of these buildings is considered one of their common and regular features, having specifi MorePlaces of worship, especially mosques, are considered one of the richest platforms for the evolution and exaltation of the human spirit and possess great significance. The geometry of these buildings is considered one of their common and regular features, having specific proportions and rules. Also, it has created an intangible heritage identity for the contemporary era. Knowing and interpreting these proportions can play an important role in repairing and reusing the historic building, using them in future architectures, and elevating the new architecture. This research aims to discover similarities and differences between cultural platforms from the Timurid to Safavid eras by reviewing the principles and proportions using geometric analysis. To identify the mathematical relationships of the architectural body of mosques' courtyards and understand their geometrical proportions, this research has used the combined method of historical interpretation based on valid evidence and logical reasoning of the mathematical type. Based on this, the sides and proportions of the courtyards and constituent parts of 9 Timurid, Safavid, and Qajar mosques have been subjected to numerical analysis based on Euclidean-longitudinal calculations and the scale of proportions in the courtyard plan of the mosques. Findings of this research indicate that the geometry of the courtyard and components of the discussed mosques have employed golden proportions, and Mahtabi halls attached to the mosque courtyards during the Safavid period have been developed in the same proportions through the Qajar period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Comparing the two materials, brick (traditional material) and Heblex Block (new material), in relation to energy consumption and economy
samaneh foroughian hasan zolfagharzadehSaving fossil fuels and using clean energy sources leads to utilization costs reduction and the environment & human well-being protection. Building walls and used materials are considered the main sources of energy waste. Brick is a building material that backs to ancie MoreSaving fossil fuels and using clean energy sources leads to utilization costs reduction and the environment & human well-being protection. Building walls and used materials are considered the main sources of energy waste. Brick is a building material that backs to ancient history; the reason for using it is its stability, cheapness, and high manufacturing speed. Now, its use is less considered for some reasons, such as increasing population density, the construction of multi-story buildings, overweight, the requirement of higher labor, and the lack of insulation. Likewise, Heblex blocks have become more widely used as they eliminated many defects of bricks, although brick is still being used. Considering the importance of energy in recent decades and the emphasis of national building regulations on the insulation of buildings and less energy consumption, this study focuses on comparing two materials, bricks and Heblex blocks, with each other in terms of energy cooling and heating consumption, and the building gas and electricity fuel consumption, as well as the amount of financial saving in electricity and gas consumption. This research was conducted by Design Builder software, and the studied model was selected as a cube with dimensions of 4 * 10 * 10 in the Mashhad climate. The investigated model has been modeled in the software. Then, the amount of cooling, heating, and the total load of the building in two cases, brick walls and Hablex materials, have been extracted, and the results have been stated as a percentage. The obtained results show that replacing bricks wall with Heblex blocks will save the energy consumption of the building up to 55.12%. In the next step, the electricity and gas price for both models has been estimated. And it was found that replacing the brick with Heblx Blocks could assist the household economy by almost 55.5% by saving from paying electricity and gas bills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Typology of the body of residential houses with a central courtyard in the first Pahlavi period
Yasin Talebi Garalar majid shahbaziThe central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, es MoreThe central yard, as an efficient and responsive device, has done its job well in protecting residents from environmental, social and cultural conditions in different regions of Iran. The physical typology of the central courtyard in different regions of the country, especially the buildings related to the first Pahlavi period, is a topic that this research seeks to answer. For this purpose, traditional houses with courtyards from different cities of the country have been selected as study samples. This research aims to investigate the physical structure, patterns and various types of the central courtyard in traditional houses, to study the typology of these houses. In order to carry out the research, more than 60 examples of traditional houses in the historical area of different cities of Iran were identified and 23 houses that had complete information and documents were selected for classification. According to their nature, research data has been collected by referring to library sources and field observations. The results of the classification of the location of the courtyard in the building show that one construction front (with the building mass on the northern side of the courtyard) has the most and buildings with two courtyards on both sides of the building have the lowest frequency among the samples studied. Also in In the longitudinal classification, 15.1-25 has the highest frequency, while in the transverse classification, the maximum frequency belongs to 15.1-20. Yards with an area of 100 to 400 square meters have the highest frequency among the samples studied. In the classification of proportions, the highest frequency is related to the proportions of 1.1 and the lowest is related to 1.5, which indicates the stretching of the yards towards the square. After the classification and comparison, Tousizadeh house has been chosen as the representative of the species with the highest abundance and Ganjalizadeh house as the representative of the species with the least abundance in the study context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating the Perceptions of Nature in Tajabad Natanz Garden from the Ecological Perspective of Perception
Parnian Gholipour Mohammadreza Ataee Hamedani Sara Taghavi Ardakan Razie FathiThe Iranian garden can be considered one of the most prominent and best models of landscape design in Iran, which is the result of the interaction between humans in the face of nature, since the interaction formed between man and nature results in mutual effect of them MoreThe Iranian garden can be considered one of the most prominent and best models of landscape design in Iran, which is the result of the interaction between humans in the face of nature, since the interaction formed between man and nature results in mutual effect of them on each other. The main aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between stimulation of the senses, perceptions and the geometry of the Iranian garden. In other words, the three basic factors of man, environment and the relationship between man and environment are examined to determine how each one acts and reacts, and influences the other. The methodology in the present study is qualitative with a comparative approach to present the general structure of a unique example, which is the Tajabad Natanz Garden. It expresses the general theoretical foundations arising from the perceptions of the environment and psychology related to it. Field observation and library documents were used to collect information. The obtained result indicate that the Iranian garden as a whole is the product of the connection of components, each of which alone does not convey a specific meaning and concept to the audience, and the coexistence of these elements and components together forms the concept of the Iranian garden. Thus, in recreating the Iranian garden in the physical environment of life, including in contemporary cities, increasing attention should be paid to its perceptual process by modern man to provide an appropriate response to the needs of contemporary man. It will improve the mental health of the society in the first step and leads to the connection in the areas of meaning and provides the conditions for individual self-fulfillment in the second step. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Optimum orientation of the building with the aim of optimal shading and reducing energy consumption (Case Study: Tehran Music Hall)
Tiam Aram Javad EirajiThe increasing trend of population growth, the energy crisis, and the depletion of energy resources on the planet are all warnings for all sciences and in all fields and professions in order to help sustain the existing situation. Since a large amount of energy consumpt MoreThe increasing trend of population growth, the energy crisis, and the depletion of energy resources on the planet are all warnings for all sciences and in all fields and professions in order to help sustain the existing situation. Since a large amount of energy consumption in the world is spent on construction purposes, specifically on cooling and heating loads and creating thermal comfort in the building, a study in this field is significantly important. In this research, by choosing a building as a case study, the amount of sunlight received by vertical surfaces has been investigated. Then, using the simulation method and related software, different angles between zero and 180 degrees of rotation are considered for the building to optimize the orientation angle of the building. The optimal angle means that the minimum amount of solar energy is received on vertical surfaces and the maximum amount of shading. Numerous research has been conducted in the past years about the amount of sunlight received in the building and the optimal angle. However, the used software and the measurement on vertical surfaces in Tehran in this research are considered research innovations. The optimal angle results from building energy analysis charts are displayed in this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The clarification of personality characteristics among architecture students of Technical and Vocational University with using the MBTI test (Case study: Students of the Department of Architecture, Technical and Vocational university, BABOL branch)
Leila Sadat Hamidian Divkolaei Faezeh Gholizadeh Arezou KhorramExamining and recognizing the personality traits of individuals in many cases can be a good motivator for achieving an educational and professional career based on the interests and tastes of learners. One of the most successful tests in the field of personality is the MoreExamining and recognizing the personality traits of individuals in many cases can be a good motivator for achieving an educational and professional career based on the interests and tastes of learners. One of the most successful tests in the field of personality is the Myers-Briggs personality test (Mbti test). The Myers-Briggs (Mbti) personality test identifies 16 personality types by considering a set of psychological contradictions. In this study, architecture students at different levels of associate and bachelor were targeted, Not only to discover and identify the dominant personality of architecture students of the Technical and Vocational University, but also investigate the homogeneity of the dominant personality with the architectural profession. The results show that the dominant personality type of students in Associate Degree in Architecture were ESFP (extroverted, sensory, emotional and perceptual), Interior Architecture Students were ESTJ (extroverted, sensory, thinking and judgmental) and Undergraduate students of architecture were INTP (introverted, Intuitive, thinking and perceptual). The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between students' field of study (field of Architecture and Interior Architecture) and Mbti personality types. On the other hand, there is no significant relationship between students' academic achievement and their personality types. The results indicate that the tendencies of the students present in this university are mostly in line with the goals of the university and this point can Facilitate the selection and guidance of students in their careers. Manuscript profile