Architectural Technologies Studies

Abstract The use of educational methods tailored to the personal characteristics of architecture students has garnered significant attention from researchers in recent years. Emphasizing students' learning styles, which is a crucial aspect of individual differences, is of paramount importance. This descriptive-analytic study investigates the relationship between the learning styles of architecture students and their creativity and academic performance. Additionally, in the second phase of the research, the impact of proposed architecture training models on enhancing learners' creativity is examined. The statistical sample comprises 107 individuals, including high school students and both undergraduate (BA) and graduate (MA) students. Data collection was conducted using Kolb's learning styles questionnaire. Furthermore, the grades from the design workshop courses of the students before and after implementing the educational models were recorded. In this research, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was utilized to determine the significance of varying levels of creativity among different learning styles. Additionally, in the second phase of the study, an independent t-test was employed to assess the impact of the educational models on improving learners' creativity. The results indicate that students with a divergent learning style exhibited the best performance in creative design and adaptation to educational models. Finally, the integration of individuals with different learning styles into groups for design projects was presented.

Abstract The integration of architectural and urban spaces with local climate conditions is crucial for ensuring building sustainability and achieving key objectives in sustainable development. Climate designers and architects have long emphasized the study of environmental data to understand diverse climate behaviors. Climate-friendly architecture aims to harmonize building designs with their natural surroundings. This study focuses on Qaleh Bala Biarjamand village, located in Shahroud city, Semnan province. The central inquiry revolves around identifying climate-responsive architectural solutions using thermal comfort indicators specific to this village. Employing a descriptive-analytical method with a quantitative approach, the study draws insights from field studies spanning 18 years and reputable meteorological sources. The research identifies a framework based on principles outlined by Olgi, Evans, Mahoney, and Givoni, emphasizing the use of natural energy resources. Findings underscore strategies tailored to the village's cold and dry climate, such as adopting compact, densely textured designs, reducing surface-area-to-volume ratios, and employing heavy materials with high heat capacity in southern walls. Additionally, minimizing window sizes emerges as a viable strategy to enhance climate-friendly architecture in this context.

Abstract Modernity, coupled with accelerated urbanization and the high speed of information and communication technologies, calls for cities that demonstrate the ability to develop new concepts in the fields of urbanization, adaptation, and coordination. For this purpose, cities, inspired by new technologies, provide urban services to improve the quality of public services in the community. This new attitude towards cities can improve the living conditions of their inhabitants. Therefore, a new and conceptual look is needed in a smart city to give it a new framework. The main objectives of smart cities are to optimize urban activities, boost economic growth, and improve the quality of life of citizens. The research focuses on the concept of a smart city, its objectives, and its indicators. The present research methodology is a descriptive-analysis of the type of application that collects the required data using library information and authoritative articles. The results show that smart cities have reached indicators such as management, energy, building, transport, urban services and therapy, technology, and smart citizens. Key areas of smart cities include economics, people and governments, the environment, and smart living, which can lead to greater energy efficiency, increased yield, careful analysis of consumption, and data collection. As a result, these experimental measures will promote the development of cities, creating new insights that will improve the living conditions of their inhabitants. The new definition will inform future generations and their work in cities, communities, and achieving cities with intelligent concepts.

Abstract Construction projects significantly contribute to a country's financial resources, yet claims and disputes have become common in these projects. Many stakeholders consider these disputes among the most destructive events in the industry. In most projects, there is a possibility of claims from parties, particularly contractors, due to differences in project implementation systems. While eliminating claims is impossible, identifying the primary causes and origins of claims can help prevent them from occurring in projects. This study investigated the causes of disputes and claims by contractors in municipalities. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify potential factors affecting disputes and claims. Subsequently, a questionnaire was administered to 20 experts and specialists to validate these factors. The probability of disputes occurring and the average probability of these disputes converting into significant differences between contractors and municipalities were measured using statistical tests. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to classify the factors causing these differences, and the probability of conversion for each group was analyzed. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used to rank the factors affecting these differences. The results showed that indicators related to the consultant's weaknesses and shortcomings, as well as those related to the employer's weaknesses and shortcomings, accounted for a significant share in the occurrence of disputes between municipalities and contractors. Specific issues such as the execution and timing of projects, duplication of work, delays in decision-making, and delays in obtaining necessary permits were found to contribute to disputes and claims. The study underscores the importance of effective project management, timely communication, and collaboration between contractors and municipalities to minimize disputes and claims.

Abstract The effect of the attitude and currents of postmodernism in all fields, including architecture, has been studied and paid attention to by researchers. In this era, the combination and mutual influence of fields such as philosophy, psychology and linguistics on architectural theories has caused the formation of new perspectives, but so far, less research has specifically addressed the relationship between the field of design process and postmodern theories. On the other hand, in the postmodern era, with the strengthening of semantic theories and its influence in architectural theories under the title of "linguistic paradigm", attention was directed to the architectural concept. Based on the above necessity, the aim of this article is to strengthen ideation in the architectural design process and tries to compare the two by explaining the models of the design process and the paradigms of the postmodern era, and by emphasizing the simultaneous emergence and formation of these ideas that play a fundamental role In the process of architectural design, provide methods. This research is of a qualitative type and is based on the study of written library documents, review of previous books and researches, and then their description and analysis. The theoretical foundations of the research include the philosophy of postmodernism, theories and models of the design process, and finally the paradigm of linguistics. Logical reasoning method has been used for comparison and conclusion and the findings of the research are presented in a graph. The results of this analysis show that paying more attention to the paradigm of linguistics can help to strengthen semantics in the architectural design process and, from this point of view, lead architecture to greater conceptual richness.

Abstract The city of Tehran, as the capital of Iran, has been undergoing a significant transformation in terms of modern changes and extensive development in public center design. Commercial complexes are considered as common domains for social interactions, communications, and social cognition, reflecting effective urban aspects. However, the neglect of social analysis in the design process may lead to the loss of communication between individuals and public spaces, which can result in undesirable social consequences and psychological and emotional distress within society such as isolation and Social alienation. In this regard, the design and architecture of commercial centers have a prominent role, and further research on the social acceptability of these centers is necessary. The main objective of this comparative research is to examine and compare the influential components of social acceptability based on architectural features in the commercial performance of two different structures, namely traditional market centers and malls. The case studies of this research include the Grand Bazaar of Tehran and Kourosh Mall. This study employs a mixed-method approach, utilizing library research, questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observations, to investigate the subject both quantitatively and qualitatively. Analysis of the results demonstrates that multi-purpose commercial complexes, through environmental structural factors, possess higher levels of overall acceptability compared to traditional markets, by developing dimensions of greater security. This research contributes to the field of architecture and urban design by highlighting the importance of social analysis in the design process and identifying the influential components of social acceptability in commercial centers.