Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 The necessity of recognizing the relationship between nature and man-made environment design ideas in modern architecture education The necessity of recognizing the relationship between nature and man-made environment design ideas in modern architecture education 7 18 725569 10.22034/ats.2024.725569 FA Mehrnaz Mehrpoor Galeshkalami Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran. Kivan Mohammad Por Master’s graduate, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0002-3498-0479 Saeed Gholampour Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 0009-0002-1910-1904 Journal Article 2025 06 29 The present article emphasizes the need to pay attention to the environmental dimensions and especially the natural substrate in architectural and urban planning projects. Comprehensive attention to nature is necessary in all cultural and climatic dimensions of architecture. Relying on the knowledge of technology, modern man has no qualms about changing and destroying nature, and a review of recent experiences shows the destruction of natural resources by implementing some plans on different scales. Of course, the advancement of technology does not necessarily conflict with the natural mechanism and sometimes it also takes steps to strengthen the relationship with the natural environment. This is despite the fact that the ancients paid more attention to nature and their hand-made works were made with much higher harmony than nature. Based on field observations and citing library sources and document analysis, this research seeks to prove the hypothesis that modern architectural knowledge should also give more importance to the adaptation of design to nature and take steps to strengthen human interaction with nature as much as possible. Undoubtedly, understanding this issue with practical training and workshops based on environmental knowledge can provide better conditions for sustainable development. The aim of this training will be to gain scientific knowledge about the resources of the natural environment, moral principles, values and skills in line with sustainable development. The present article emphasizes the need to pay attention to the environmental dimensions and especially the natural substrate in architectural and urban planning projects. Comprehensive attention to nature is necessary in all cultural and climatic dimensions of architecture. Relying on the knowledge of technology, modern man has no qualms about changing and destroying nature, and a review of recent experiences shows the destruction of natural resources by implementing some plans on different scales. Of course, the advancement of technology does not necessarily conflict with the natural mechanism and sometimes it also takes steps to strengthen the relationship with the natural environment. This is despite the fact that the ancients paid more attention to nature and their hand-made works were made with much higher harmony than nature. Based on field observations and citing library sources and document analysis, this research seeks to prove the hypothesis that modern architectural knowledge should also give more importance to the adaptation of design to nature and take steps to strengthen human interaction with nature as much as possible. Undoubtedly, understanding this issue with practical training and workshops based on environmental knowledge can provide better conditions for sustainable development. The aim of this training will be to gain scientific knowledge about the resources of the natural environment, moral principles, values and skills in line with sustainable development.

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725569_5ebbeac265d954db80f54a1ed1e19e34.pdf

Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 Modernity and its effects on the architecture of contemporary mosques in Iran Modernity and its effects on the architecture of contemporary mosques in Iran 19 32 725571 FA . . . Journal Article 2025 06 29 "This article, which was published in Spring 2024 in Volume 4, Issue 1 (Serial No. 11), was removed from the journal's website on September 8, 2025, based on the report of the corresponding author and due to confirmed plagiarism." "This article, which was published in Spring 2024 in Volume 4, Issue 1 (Serial No. 11), was removed from the journal's website on September 8, 2025, based on the report of the corresponding author and due to confirmed plagiarism."

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725571_5867fd15fc15344b8705ad6c6c7de71f.pdf

Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 The role of the orientation of Isfahan houses in the natural lighting of spaces adjacent to the central courtyard: Historical houses of Isfahan city. The role of the orientation of Isfahan houses in the natural lighting of spaces adjacent to the central courtyard: Historical houses of Isfahan city. 33 46 725570 10.22034/ats.2024.725570 FA Sanaz Rahvari Podeh Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran. Journal Article 2025 06 29 One of the influential factors in building design is their proper orientation regarding the placement of the sun and the optimal utilization of natural light. Research conducted on buildings constructed in Iran has referred to three orientations (directions): the orientation of urban buildings relative to sunlight, wind direction, and generally the appropriate use of optimal climatic conditions. This article aims to investigate the orientation of courtyard houses in the city of Isfahan, built during the Safavid and Qajar periods, and its impact on the illumination of facades and spaces situated in each direction. The main research question is based on the orientation of houses, both in terms of direction and angle, and how it has affected the illumination of facades and consequently the spaces. The purpose of this research is to study the role of the orientation of houses in the illumination of spaces. The method employed in this study is qualitative research, and data collection utilized both library and field methods, with data analysis conducted using descriptive methods. The results of this research indicate that the orientation of houses on a north-south axis in winter, based on the Isfahan pattern, performs better than other angles for Tehran-style illumination (winter-oriented). However, overall, none of the orientations had a significant impact on facade illumination. Nonetheless, the varied placement angles in historical houses not built according to the Isfahan pattern were not climate-dependent but rather created based on the shape of the land and its axial alignment. One of the influential factors in building design is their proper orientation regarding the placement of the sun and the optimal utilization of natural light. Research conducted on buildings constructed in Iran has referred to three orientations (directions): the orientation of urban buildings relative to sunlight, wind direction, and generally the appropriate use of optimal climatic conditions. This article aims to investigate the orientation of courtyard houses in the city of Isfahan, built during the Safavid and Qajar periods, and its impact on the illumination of facades and spaces situated in each direction. The main research question is based on the orientation of houses, both in terms of direction and angle, and how it has affected the illumination of facades and consequently the spaces. The purpose of this research is to study the role of the orientation of houses in the illumination of spaces. The method employed in this study is qualitative research, and data collection utilized both library and field methods, with data analysis conducted using descriptive methods. The results of this research indicate that the orientation of houses on a north-south axis in winter, based on the Isfahan pattern, performs better than other angles for Tehran-style illumination (winter-oriented). However, overall, none of the orientations had a significant impact on facade illumination. Nonetheless, the varied placement angles in historical houses not built according to the Isfahan pattern were not climate-dependent but rather created based on the shape of the land and its axial alignment.

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725570_6bac900dd8436c5dfb3a81cf7fb90428.pdf

Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 Examining the Components of Implementing Sustainability in the Alborz Industrial Heritage Building Examining the Components of Implementing Sustainability in the Alborz Industrial Heritage Building 47 64 725572 10.22034/ats.2024.725572 FA SHirin Sotodeh Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2025 06 29 Sustainability is a crucial aspect in developing countries that is increasingly gaining attention from construction groups due to the need to preserve the planet's life. Sustainability encompasses components that require thorough consideration in each building, and prioritizing these components is essential for their revitalization. This study aims to refine the sustainability components specific to the case study and prioritize them in the revitalization of the Alborz Industrial Building. The research follows a nested mixed-methods approach, starting with a systematic review of past studies and first-rate research to refine the existing sustainability components. Subsequently, a Delphi future research method with three phases—brainstorming, narrowing down, and selection—is used to further refine the variables. A Likert-scale questionnaire is then developed and distributed to visiting experts. In this phase, inferential statistics for component prioritization are analyzed using JMP software. The results indicate that the reuse of these buildings falls under 4 main pillars of sustainable development and 9 key areas. The correlation between the dimensions in the sustainability outcomes of utilizing industrial architectural heritage shows the highest correlation between the social and environmental dimensions (0.655) and the lowest between the economic and cultural dimensions (0.199). In fact, by strengthening the social and environmental dimensions, the lifespan of the building can be increased. Therefore, focusing solely on increasing capital cannot ensure the sustainability of a building. Sustainability is a crucial aspect in developing countries that is increasingly gaining attention from construction groups due to the need to preserve the planet's life. Sustainability encompasses components that require thorough consideration in each building, and prioritizing these components is essential for their revitalization. This study aims to refine the sustainability components specific to the case study and prioritize them in the revitalization of the Alborz Industrial Building. The research follows a nested mixed-methods approach, starting with a systematic review of past studies and first-rate research to refine the existing sustainability components. Subsequently, a Delphi future research method with three phases—brainstorming, narrowing down, and selection—is used to further refine the variables. A Likert-scale questionnaire is then developed and distributed to visiting experts. In this phase, inferential statistics for component prioritization are analyzed using JMP software. The results indicate that the reuse of these buildings falls under 4 main pillars of sustainable development and 9 key areas. The correlation between the dimensions in the sustainability outcomes of utilizing industrial architectural heritage shows the highest correlation between the social and environmental dimensions (0.655) and the lowest between the economic and cultural dimensions (0.199). In fact, by strengthening the social and environmental dimensions, the lifespan of the building can be increased. Therefore, focusing solely on increasing capital cannot ensure the sustainability of a building.

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725572_bc5ed9115ceb2f14a41cbcb279b96110.pdf

Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 The Role of Urban Management in Enhancing the Quality of Historical Building Maintenance The Role of Urban Management in Enhancing the Quality of Historical Building Maintenance 65 78 725573 10.22034/ats.2024.725573 FA Ilnaz Sadeghi Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran. Maasoomeh Chaharmahal Tehran West Branch, Azad Islamic University, Tehran, Iran. Akram Mohammadi Master's in Architecture Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2025 06 29 In today's world, urban management goes beyond its traditional roles and functions as a strategic responsibility with far-reaching operational implications, establishing inseparable interactions with the domains of power, politics, society, and urban economy. In this context, preserving and maintaining cultural heritage, especially historical buildings, embodying a civilization's identity and culture, play a pivotal role in sustainable urban development. This research aims to examine the role of urban management in enhancing the quality of historical building maintenance in the metropolis of Tehran. This research is correlational and involved gathering data from 373 employees and managers of the Tehran Municipality to examine the relationship between urban management variables and the quality of historical building maintenance. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and the SmartPLS software. The findings revealed a significant correlation between the variables of municipality, city council, chamber of commerce, and other organizations and the quality of historical building maintenance. These results underscore the crucial role of urban management at various organizational levels and in collaboration with other stakeholders in elevating the maintenance quality of this invaluable heritage. Urban management holds a fundamental responsibility in preserving and enhancing the quality of historical buildings, which serve as symbols of urban identity and culture. The research findings highlight that constructive interactions between the various organizational levels of the municipality, city council, chamber of commerce, and other stakeholders, along with effective planning and policy implementation, can significantly contribute to improving the quality of historical building maintenance. In today's world, urban management goes beyond its traditional roles and functions as a strategic responsibility with far-reaching operational implications, establishing inseparable interactions with the domains of power, politics, society, and urban economy. In this context, preserving and maintaining cultural heritage, especially historical buildings, embodying a civilization's identity and culture, play a pivotal role in sustainable urban development. This research aims to examine the role of urban management in enhancing the quality of historical building maintenance in the metropolis of Tehran. This research is correlational and involved gathering data from 373 employees and managers of the Tehran Municipality to examine the relationship between urban management variables and the quality of historical building maintenance. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and the SmartPLS software. The findings revealed a significant correlation between the variables of municipality, city council, chamber of commerce, and other organizations and the quality of historical building maintenance. These results underscore the crucial role of urban management at various organizational levels and in collaboration with other stakeholders in elevating the maintenance quality of this invaluable heritage. Urban management holds a fundamental responsibility in preserving and enhancing the quality of historical buildings, which serve as symbols of urban identity and culture. The research findings highlight that constructive interactions between the various organizational levels of the municipality, city council, chamber of commerce, and other stakeholders, along with effective planning and policy implementation, can significantly contribute to improving the quality of historical building maintenance.

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725573_b26f1b8e0c935da2faa26e058cb5518e.pdf

Fatemiyeh Non-Profit Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz Architectural Technologies Studies 2820-9818 4 1 2024 03 20 Consumer Culture in Commercial Complexes of Iran's Metropolises Consumer Culture in Commercial Complexes of Iran's Metropolises 79 91 725574 10.22034/ats.2024.725574 FA Mahdi Fallahi Master of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tehran University of Art, Tehran, Iran. 0009-0009-2112-0224 Hana Yazdanfar Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2025 06 29 This study examines consumer culture within commercial complexes in Iran's metropolises. Over the past two decades, Iran's major cities have witnessed significant developments in the construction of commercial complexes, which have also become symbols of social and cultural significance. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors influencing the formation of consumer culture in these complexes and their social, cultural, and economic impacts. The primary issue addressed in this paper is how economic transformations, globalization, social changes, and modern technologies affect consumer culture in commercial complexes of metropolises. Specifically, the research question focuses on how these factors have altered consumption patterns and purchasing behaviors, and what effects they have on social interactions and cultural identity. The research methodology involves analyzing existing literature, conducting interviews with experts, and evaluating field data from various commercial complexes. This approach examines economic and social changes and their impact on consumer patterns, while also analyzing the effects of technology and globalization on consumer preferences. The findings indicate that commercial complexes function not only as shopping centers but also as important social and cultural spaces. Economic changes and increased household incomes have led to higher demand for luxury goods, while globalization and modern technologies have influenced consumer preferences. These complexes provide opportunities for social and cultural interactions and contribute to the economic development of metropolises. This study examines consumer culture within commercial complexes in Iran's metropolises. Over the past two decades, Iran's major cities have witnessed significant developments in the construction of commercial complexes, which have also become symbols of social and cultural significance. The aim of this research is to analyze the factors influencing the formation of consumer culture in these complexes and their social, cultural, and economic impacts. The primary issue addressed in this paper is how economic transformations, globalization, social changes, and modern technologies affect consumer culture in commercial complexes of metropolises. Specifically, the research question focuses on how these factors have altered consumption patterns and purchasing behaviors, and what effects they have on social interactions and cultural identity. The research methodology involves analyzing existing literature, conducting interviews with experts, and evaluating field data from various commercial complexes. This approach examines economic and social changes and their impact on consumer patterns, while also analyzing the effects of technology and globalization on consumer preferences. The findings indicate that commercial complexes function not only as shopping centers but also as important social and cultural spaces. Economic changes and increased household incomes have led to higher demand for luxury goods, while globalization and modern technologies have influenced consumer preferences. These complexes provide opportunities for social and cultural interactions and contribute to the economic development of metropolises.

https://arch.fatemiyehshiraz.ac.ir/article_725574_0bde3722bdd8567fb21b3be3d903c399.pdf