Architectural Technologies Studies

Abstract The term "dialectic of space" in architecture refers to the contradictions and interactions present within spaces. These contradictions may encompass elements such as lightness and darkness, density and spatiality, as well as mutual aspects like internal and external factors. In architecture, this concept mostly addresses the design of spaces and their influence on human behavior and emotions. One of the most frequently cited propositions in the context of space dialectics is the pursuit of balance amidst contradictions. Designing spaces involves striving to achieve a balance among different elements including light and darkness, open and closed space, indoor and outdoor space, and more, which is considered as one of the basic principles. This balance can contribute to harmonizing people's moods and emotions while facilitating optimal utilization of space. Another important aspect of space dialectic is the interference and interaction among diverse elements. Spaces can be more attractive by creating interference and interaction between different components. In other words, spaces with diversity and multiplicity factors exert the greatest impact on people's behavior and emotions, potentially generating attractive and dynamic qualities within spaces. Additionally, a recurring proposition emphasizes the connection with the environment. Spaces should establish links with their surroundings and cultivate positive relationships with them, achieved through the integration with natural landscapes, connectivity with adjacent spaces, or even integration with urban spaces. According to these frequent propositions, architectural designers can develop spaces that exert a greater impact on the residents’ behavior and emotions, fostering environments that are both appealing and diverse. These principles aid designers in creating high-quality and suitable spaces for human life and work.

Abstract The current research seeks to provide effective solutions on the emotional and motivational development of mentally retarded children based on environmental psychology. The aim of this research is to provide a purposeful environment for the mental and educational development of children with mental disabilities by examining the psychology of the educational environment. Mentally retarded children are physically, intellectually, emotionally and behaviorally different from other people and therefore they need special environments to empower their intelligence. In this research; First, By using study -library documents-, the basics of mentally retarded children and their disorders (conditions), as well as the psychology of the children's environment and the factors affecting the environment, have been studied, and then the relationship between the psychology of the environment and the needs of mentally retarded children has been investigated using descriptive-analytical methods. The current research aims to improve the states and disorders of mentally retarded children through the use of optimal environmental design solutions to cause their motivational growth. The findings showed that factors such as color, materials and form in the space can have a significant effect on the intellectual ability of mentally retarded children. So that by using these factors, optimal design solutions are obtained in order to solve each of their disorders and as a result increase their motivation.

Abstract In today's world, technologies have reached such a level of progress and development that they cannot be ignored at the level of daily life. The smart house represents a new definition of the home space, which is associated with the entry of more and more technology into homes. The place of intelligentization in Iran, as an imported phenomenon, needs further study and investigations. The purpose of this research is to find the challenges facing smart building in Iranian homes and find out the users' attitude towards this issue. In the following, it has been tried to examine the advantages and disadvantages and the strengths and weaknesses of the smart home based on the lived experience of the users of Tehran. This research is based on the purpose of a fundamental research and in terms of method, it is a qualitative ethnographic study that was conducted by conducting in-depth and semi-structured interviews with two groups of actual and potential smart home users in Tehran. The findings of this research indicate that various components are effective in the level of users' satisfaction with the smartness of homes, which in the group of actual users include the components; psychological, social, economic, cultural, infrastructure and technology and in the group of potential users also includes the components; It is economic, social and cultural. The results show that despite the initial ideas, actual users often feel satisfied with living in these spaces and even if they are not completely satisfied, they do not deny the benefits of smartening. In fact, the most important challenge for the adoption of a smart home from the point of view of both groups is its high costs.

Abstract Nowadays, increasing the architectural quality of residential buildings is a topic that has challenged scholars interested in urban issues for a long time. Therefore, the current research was carried out with the aim of the role of urban management in increasing the architectural quality of residential buildings in Tehran. This research is correlational in nature and content. In this research, the information related to 373 employees and managers of the Tehran Municipality have been analyzed at the level of Tehran in order to investigate the relationship between the variables to test the research hypotheses. The collected data were analyzed by structural equation method using SmartPLS software. The results showed that the municipality, the city council, the chamber of commerce and other organizations have an influence on increasing the architectural quality of residential buildings.

Abstract Due to the increase in the complexity and size of construction projects, the significant increase in the stakeholders involved in the project, the increase in the speed of project implementation and the risk variables caused by these factors, the management of construction projects faces significant challenges. . Also, the characteristics of construction projects, poor supervision of the project workshop, construction complexities, the existence of temporary multi-organizational nature, sub-contracts and interdisciplinary contracts in a project cause various interface issues. Also, recent construction projects in Iran have experienced significant rework and unwanted changes during the implementation phase, which has a negative impact on the project's performance. The analysis of the classification of construction rework and the factors affecting them shows that a significant part of the unwanted changes and the resulting conflicts in the projects are due to the lack of proper coordination, inefficient or delayed communication. between the project parties and the failure to explain the delivery requirements and in general poor interface management and lack of coordination between the different participants of the project in the implementation phase, which directly or indirectly affect the performance of the project and rework They create The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of using common interface management in reducing rework in construction projects, which identifies the main causes of rework in construction projects so that with their help, the effect of using interface management on the reduction of redundancies and as a result the improvement of project performance.

Abstract Responding to the child's need for mobility and play is an important issue both from the perspective of improving mental and physical health and as a response to the needs of a resident of a residential apartment. But due to the limitations in the construction of residential complexes; In many houses, the open space (yard), which was previously the most suitable private space to meet this child's biological need (movement), was removed and finally a small semi-open space (terrace) was replaced. The purpose of this research is to identify the influential components in the design of the body of the residential apartment in improving the quality of the space in order to respond to the mobility of the child. This research was done based on quantitative method (with the help of researcher-made questionnaire tool). Data collection was done by providing a questionnaire to the residents of Hormzan residential complex in Tehran, and the obtained data were analyzed using Spss-26 software and using factor analysis, Friedman test, Pearson correlation test, and the results were extracted and presented. Based on the analysis of the research findings, the use of open space (elevated yard) or semi-open space (terrace), green space, flexibility in the furniture and body of the apartment, and the use of natural light are the most important components that should be used as criteria for designing the body of a residential apartment to meet the needs. The child should be considered for mobility.

Abstract today , construction of tall buildings is a part of modern urbanism . most of the people living in large and large cities of the world have to live in large apartment complexes which are also high - rise . one of the important components in the design of these buildings is to regulate the desired temperature inside the building and create a thermal comfort zone for residents considering the energy consumption limitations . in this research , a case study was considered , which is a high – rise residential building located in shiraz city , which has been tried by using double - glazed windows . since there are other methods for these cases , such as design and implementation of double skin facades , at first different double - glazed windows and double skin facades were introduced . and the characteristics of each of them were described . then , in order to identify the desired option , both structures were compared and the result was obtained which , considering the advantages and disadvantages of each of these two structures , in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of each of these two structures , in terms of supplying the desired temperature of the building and creating the thermal comfort zone for the residents and also increase in productivity in building energy consumption is a more appropriate option .

Abstract Since the arrival of Islam in Iran, we have witnessed a great change in the form, content and place of performance of these arts in architecture, which is due to the social and religious context of societies. Since the advent of Islam in Iran, we have witnessed extensive physical and non-physical changes in the architecture of mosques. The Ilkhani period started with severe destruction, but with the arrival of worthy Iranian ministers and the conversion of the Ilkhani kings to Islam, there was an advance in the architecture of mosques. In the present research, with the descriptive and analytical method that has been carried out through the library study, an attempt has been made to first mention a brief history of the historical developments of the Ilkhanid period. Then, the mosques of this period have been examined, then the physical content of the buildings, including the arrays and decorations of the porches, domes, etc., which has a symbolic aspect, has been analyzed. The analysis of the elements of the mosques shows the special attention of the patriarchal kings to Islamic teachings. Along with these patriarchs, they tried to build mosques in accordance with the existing conditions at that time, taking into account the climatic and social conditions of the city of Tabriz.

Abstract Today, in most developed countries, habitability is discussed as a principle in the context of sustainability. It is also argued that viability assessment can help implement new urban plans by providing a descriptive method for assessing urban environments and their quality, and varied approaches. Living quality is one of the main concepts of urban design, which has practical and theoretical importance. In this research, an attempt was made to formulate a theoretical framework to explain the concept of happiness in the environment by analyzing the scope of Tajrish and placing a policy for creating happy environments. Then, by introducing and recognizing its constituent components, a model should be presented in order to extract solutions called design policies. Therefore, after reviewing the quality indicators through selected criteria related to happiness, they have been studied in four influential dimensions. By measuring the extracted situation, the results showed that in addition to the three main stages of knowing the current situation, knowing the future ahead, the connection between the past and the future, which in urban culture is called livability, the fifth phase of analysis with three main components including, Identity, structure, and meaning have emerged that will be responsive to the policies of the four main dimensions.