Architectural Technologies Studies

Abstract The rehabilitation and restoration of the built heritage represent a central concern in current international and national policies. In Iran, a significant portion of educational buildings, constructed during the construction booms of the 1970s and 1990s, now exhibit structural deficiencies, seismic vulnerability, and poor energy performance. This study develops an integrated multi-criteria decision-making framework to support the planning and prioritization of rehabilitation interventions for university buildings, simultaneously considering socio-economic sustainability, seismic safety, energy efficiency, and process sustainability. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is employed to structure the decision problem and evaluate intervention alternatives. The proposed framework is validated through application to a real case study: an educational building of the Islamic Azad University of Tarom in Zanjan Province, Iran. Four rehabilitation scenarios—ranging from minimum to maximum intervention—were evaluated. Results indicate that the "developed" scenario (comprehensive insulation, internal space redesign, and courtyard rehabilitation) achieves the highest priority score (0.368), outperforming the maximum intervention scenario (0.355) due to better socio-economic and process sustainability performance. This research contributes a replicable decision-support tool for university administrators and public authorities, enabling transparent, informed, and cost-effective investment decisions aligned with Iran's 1404 Vision Plan and national energy efficiency regulations.

Abstract This article examines the impact of social interactions among residents on the quality of life in shared residential environments. The home, as a place of comfort and security, needs to fulfill both the biological and social needs of individuals. In this context, social interactions within neighborhoods play a key role in enhancing life satisfaction. Common spaces such as courtyards and green areas can help strengthen these relationships, and appropriate design of these spaces, especially in large residential complexes, can reduce feelings of isolation and increase social interactions. Studies have shown that common spaces, when designed and managed properly, can encourage residents to engage in more interactions. These spaces are not only beneficial for leisure activities but also provide opportunities for social relationships. Additionally, maintaining privacy while providing suitable spaces for social interactions is of particular importance. Research findings indicate that social interactions have a positive impact on quality of life. The design of public spaces should ensure a sense of security and comfort for residents, enabling them to interact easily with one another. Shared residential environments that offer social facilities, green spaces, and recreational amenities directly impact the quality of life of the residents. Finally, this article provides recommendations for residential complex managers to strengthen social interactions and enhance residents' quality of life by organizing regular social programs and designing appropriate public spaces. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of designing residential environments that meet the social needs of residents and offers strategies to improve quality of life in these environments.

Abstract Today, we face numerous and diverse indicators in the discussion of sustainability. These indicators link sustainability to other concepts such as welfare, health, social cohesion, and they are also considered in the activities of design and planning time, construction, and operation. So, designing a sustainability assessment system for different regions of Iran is necessary and helpful to develop this country. The purpose is to show "the non-generalizability of international systems for use in different regions and climates and" the need to localize evaluation systems " and also emphasize the need to design an evaluation system according to the problems and facilities of the context, Attention to spatial capacities, modeling of traditional sustainable climate architecture as well as cold and dry climate ecological studies of Iran. This study first tries to prove the nature of these systems by analyzing the basis of production of stability assessment systems and the roots of the weighting of international, indigenous, and regional systems. Then, compile the structure and architectural elements of the hot and dry climate according to the basic stability indicators. To meet the aim, first, studying the existing evaluation systems as a case study shows that in all systems, even systems are known as international, regional coefficients are effective in weighting the indicators. Also, they are designed based on a regional context. Based on the research findings and the reviewed systems, the coefficients of headings and indicators are mainly based on regional indicators. Therefore, this system cannot be generalized to other regions, despite the claim of international design. By analyzing the findings from the Delphi technique and examining the climatic and social situation of the cold and dry climate of Iran, the proposed indicators for the cold and dry climate were introduced.